Brain Tumors
Diagnosis

Diagnosis of a brain tumor depends mostly on the types of cells in which the tumor begins and the tumor location. Your child's doctor will test reflexes, muscle strength, eye and mouth movement, coordination and alertness. Diagnostic tests will also be performed, such as:

• Bone Scan — Pictures or X-rays are taken of the bone after a dye has been injected that is absorbed by bone tissue. These are used to detect tumors and bone abnormalities.

• Computed Tomography Scan (CT or CAT scan) — A combination of X-rays and computer technology are used to produce cross-sectional images, both horizontally and vertically, of the body. A CT scan shows detailed images of the body, including the bones, muscles, fat and organs. CT scans are more detailed than general X-rays.

• Lumbar Puncture or Spinal Tap — A special needle is placed into the lower back in the spinal canal, the area around the spinal cord. A small amount of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) is removed for testing. CSF is the fluid that bathes the brain and spinal cord. A lumbar puncture may require sedation or anesthesia for young children.

• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) — MRI uses large magnets, radio frequencies and a computer to produce detailed images of organs and structures within the body. An MRI may require sedation or anesthesia for young children.

• X-ray — X-rays use invisible electromagnetic energy beams to produce images of internal tissues, bones and organs onto film.

Reviewed by health care specialists at UCSF Children's Hospital.
Last updated November 6, 2009